Software that harms

Malware is any software written to cause harm. You do not need to memorise every type, but a few are worth knowing:

• Virus: attaches to files and spreads.
• Ransomware: locks your files and demands payment. A major threat to hospitals and businesses.
• Spyware: secretly watches what you do.

Most malware gets in through the basics you already met: a phishing link, a fake download, or an out of date system. So the defences are the same everyday habits:

• Only install software from sources you trust
• Keep your system and apps updated
• Do not open suspicious links or attachments
• Keep backups, so ransomware cannot hold you hostage

Practice

Check one device you use. Is its software up to date? Do you have a backup of anything important? Note one thing you will fix this week.